Planet Earth
Orbit
- Distance from the Sun: Approximately 150 million kilometers.
- Orbital Period: Takes about 365.25 days to complete one orbit.
- Eccentricity: Earth’s orbit is slightly elliptical.
Physical Characteristics
- Diameter: Around 12,742 kilometers.
- Mass: Approximately 5.97 x 10^24 kilograms.
- Surface Area: About 510.1 million square kilometers.
- Gravity: Average surface gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s².
Composition
- Atmosphere: Mainly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%).
- Other Gases: Trace amounts of argon, carbon dioxide, and other gases.
Geological Layers
- Crust: Divided into tectonic plates.
- Mantle: Semi-fluid layer beneath the crust.
- Outer Core: Composed of molten iron and nickel.
- Inner Core: Solid, primarily iron and nickel.
Hydrosphere
- Oceans: Cover about 71% of the Earth’s surface.
- Water: Approximately 97% of the Earth’s water is in the oceans.
Biosphere
- Supports a diverse range of life forms.
- Ecosystems: Varied ecosystems from deserts to rainforests.
Climate
- Varied climates are due to factors like latitude and altitude.
